肉鸡养殖技术（7）——免疫用药程序

sipuruisy · 发表于 2011-8-1 10:50:36

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目的：
通过免疫用药程序、均衡地预防常见疾病。 <o:p></o:p>程序：
·确定免疫程序，保护鸡只预防当地疾病。有条件最好采用血清学检测方法监测免疫结果，确保疫苗发挥有效效力。免疫程序中的任何改变（增加、减少。免疫时间或方法等）均应获得专业兽医批准。
·遵照疫苗生产厂家的说明储藏、运输和管理疫苗。每一次实施免疫，都要做好记录，包括免疫的日期、类型和时间，生产厂商，产品序号和失效日期。
·按规定的温度储藏疫苗，任何时候都要避免疫苗受阳光直射。
·稀释疫苗时，在疫苗中添加少量的食用染色剂大有好处，可监测所有鸡只是否都得到疫苗。色素将附着在鸡只嘴部和舌头上达数小时。
·免疫前48小时及免疫后24小时，饮水系统中应完全没有氯（如漂白粉）、药物和其它化学成分。免疫前一天，每升饮水添加<st1:chmetcnv unitname="克" sourcevalue="33" hasspace="False" negative="False" numbertype="1" tcsc="0" w:st="on">33克</st1:chmetcnv>脱脂奶粉，将有助于中和水中任何化学残留物。
·在清晨对鸡只进行免疫最好。
·疫苗免疫前2-4小时停止向鸡只供水，炎热季节除外。
·若使用开放式饮水系统，首先清洗饮水器。免疫前清洗饮水器绝对不可使用消毒剂。
·将新鲜、干净、正确数量的水倒入洁净的塑料桶或贮水池中。为使疫苗悬浮水中，按1:400的比例分别将脱脂奶粉及水混合，再将适量的疫苗混入并搅拌均匀。
·封闭式饮水系统（乳头饮水器）中，准备疫苗时，应将饮水器的高度提升并将水线的末端打开，排出所有存水。输入疫苗饮水，当疫苗混合液从水线末端流出时，关闭末端阀门并降低饮水系统。
·所有的疫苗都应在混合后2小时内饮完。 表7 免疫用药程序示例<table class="MsoNormalTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="95%" style="width:95.44%;margin-left:.8pt;border-collapse:collapse;mso-padding-alt: 0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm"> <tbody><tr style="mso-yfti-irow:0;mso-yfti-firstrow:yes;height:21.0pt"> <td width="11%" nowrap="" valign="bottom" style="width:11.86%;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt:1.0pt;mso-border-left-alt:1.0pt;mso-border-bottom-alt: .5pt;mso-border-right-alt:.5pt;mso-border-color-alt:windowtext;mso-border-style-alt: solid;padding:.75pt .75pt 0cm .75pt;height:21.0pt"> 日龄<o:p></o:p> </td> <td width="27%" nowrap="" valign="bottom" style="width:27.14%;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left:none;mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-right-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding: .75pt .75pt 0cm .75pt;height:21.0pt"> 疫苗或药物<o:p></o:p> </td> <td width="24%" nowrap="" valign="bottom" style="width:24.18%;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left:none;mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-right-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding: .75pt .75pt 0cm .75pt;height:21.0pt"> 使用方法<o:p></o:p> </td> <td width="36%" nowrap="" valign="bottom" style="width:36.8%;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left:none;mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-right-alt:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding: .75pt .75pt 0cm .75pt;height:21.0pt"> 目的<o:p></o:p> </td> </tr> <tr style="mso-yfti-irow:1;height:17.25pt"> <td width="11%" nowrap="" valign="bottom" style="width:11.86%;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top:none;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-right-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding: .75pt .75pt 0cm .75pt;height:17.25pt"> 1－3<o:p></o:p> </td> <td width="27%" nowrap="" valign="bottom" style="width:27.14%;border-top:none; border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-right-alt:solid windowtext .5pt; padding:.75pt .75pt 0cm .75pt;height:17.25pt"> 电解多维，开口药<o:p></o:p> </td> <td width="24%" nowrap="" valign="bottom" style="width:24.18%;border-top:none; border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-right-alt:solid windowtext .5pt; padding:.75pt .75pt 0cm .75pt;height:17.25pt"> 交叉使用<o:p></o:p> </td> <td width="36%" nowrap="" valign="bottom" style="width:36.8%;border-top:none; border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-right-alt:solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding:.75pt .75pt 0cm .75pt;height:17.25pt"> 减缓应激，切断垂直传播<o:p></o:p> </td> </tr> <tr style="mso-yfti-irow:2;height:16.5pt"> <td width="11%" nowrap="" valign="bottom" style="width:11.86%;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top:none;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-right-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding: .75pt .75pt 0cm .75pt;height:16.5pt"> 7日龄<o:p></o:p> </td> <td width="27%" nowrap="" valign="bottom" style="width:27.14%;border-top:none; border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-right-alt:solid windowtext .5pt; padding:.75pt .75pt 0cm .75pt;height:16.5pt"> 新支二联活疫苗（禽流感（双价）<o:p></o:p> </td> <td width="24%" nowrap="" valign="bottom" style="width:24.18%;border-top:none; border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-right-alt:solid windowtext .5pt; padding:.75pt .75pt 0cm .75pt;height:16.5pt"> 点眼滴鼻。皮下注射<o:p></o:p> </td> <td width="36%" nowrap="" valign="bottom" style="width:36.8%;border-top:none; border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-right-alt:solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding:.75pt .75pt 0cm .75pt;height:16.5pt"> 防新城疫，传支<o:p></o:p> </td> </tr> <tr style="mso-yfti-irow:3;page-break-inside:avoid;height:16.5pt"> <td width="11%" nowrap="" rowspan="2" valign="bottom" style="width:11.86%; border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-top:none;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-right-alt:solid windowtext .5pt; padding:.75pt .75pt 0cm .75pt;height:16.5pt"> 14日龄<o:p></o:p> </td> <td width="27%" nowrap="" valign="bottom" style="width:27.14%;border-top:none; border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-right-alt:solid windowtext .5pt; padding:.75pt .75pt 0cm .75pt;height:16.5pt"> 呼吸道+大肠杆菌<o:p></o:p> </td> <td width="24%" nowrap="" valign="bottom" style="width:24.18%;border-top:none; border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-right-alt:solid windowtext .5pt; padding:.75pt .75pt 0cm .75pt;height:16.5pt"> 集中饮水<o:p></o:p> </td> <td width="36%" nowrap="" valign="bottom" style="width:36.8%;border-top:none; border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-right-alt:solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding:.75pt .75pt 0cm .75pt;height:16.5pt"> 防治大肠杆菌和慢呼<o:p></o:p> </td> </tr> <tr style="mso-yfti-irow:4;page-break-inside:avoid;height:16.5pt"> <td width="27%" nowrap="" valign="bottom" style="width:27.14%;border-top:none; border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-right-alt:solid windowtext .5pt; padding:.75pt .75pt 0cm .75pt;height:16.5pt"> 法氏囊活疫苗<o:p></o:p> </td> <td width="24%" nowrap="" valign="bottom" style="width:24.18%;border-top:none; border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-right-alt:solid windowtext .5pt; padding:.75pt .75pt 0cm .75pt;height:16.5pt"> 滴口<o:p></o:p> </td> <td width="36%" nowrap="" valign="bottom" style="width:36.8%;border-top:none; border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-right-alt:solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding:.75pt .75pt 0cm .75pt;height:16.5pt"> 防法氏囊<o:p></o:p> </td> </tr> <tr style="mso-yfti-irow:5;height:16.5pt"> <td width="11%" nowrap="" valign="bottom" style="width:11.86%;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top:none;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-right-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding: .75pt .75pt 0cm .75pt;height:16.5pt"> 15日龄<o:p></o:p> </td> <td width="27%" nowrap="" valign="bottom" style="width:27.14%;border-top:none; border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-right-alt:solid windowtext .5pt; padding:.75pt .75pt 0cm .75pt;height:16.5pt"> 球虫+肠炎+大肠杆菌<o:p></o:p> </td> <td width="24%" nowrap="" valign="bottom" style="width:24.18%;border-top:none; border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-right-alt:solid windowtext .5pt; padding:.75pt .75pt 0cm .75pt;height:16.5pt"> 按说明<o:p></o:p> </td> <td width="36%" nowrap="" valign="bottom" style="width:36.8%;border-top:none; border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-right-alt:solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding:.75pt .75pt 0cm .75pt;height:16.5pt"> 防球虫，网养可省次<o:p></o:p> </td> </tr> <tr style="mso-yfti-irow:6;height:18.75pt"> <td width="11%" nowrap="" valign="bottom" style="width:11.86%;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top:none;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-right-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding: .75pt .75pt 0cm .75pt;height:18.75pt"> 21日龄<o:p></o:p> </td> <td width="27%" nowrap="" valign="bottom" style="width:27.14%;border-top:none; border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-right-alt:solid windowtext .5pt; padding:.75pt .75pt 0cm .75pt;height:18.75pt"> 强效新支二联活疫苗<o:p></o:p> </td> <td width="24%" nowrap="" valign="bottom" style="width:24.18%;border-top:none; border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-right-alt:solid windowtext .5pt; padding:.75pt .75pt 0cm .75pt;height:18.75pt"> 饮水免疫（2倍量）<o:p></o:p> </td> <td width="36%" nowrap="" valign="bottom" style="width:36.8%;border-top:none; border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-right-alt:solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding:.75pt .75pt 0cm .75pt;height:18.75pt"> 防新城疫，传支<o:p></o:p> </td> </tr> <tr style="mso-yfti-irow:7;height:18.0pt"> <td width="11%" nowrap="" valign="bottom" style="width:11.86%;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top:none;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-right-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding: .75pt .75pt 0cm .75pt;height:18.0pt"> 28日龄<o:p></o:p> </td> <td width="27%" nowrap="" valign="bottom" style="width:27.14%;border-top:none; border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-right-alt:solid windowtext .5pt; padding:.75pt .75pt 0cm .75pt;height:18.0pt"> 抗病毒+大肠杆菌<o:p></o:p> </td> <td width="24%" nowrap="" valign="bottom" style="width:24.18%;border-top:none; border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-right-alt:solid windowtext .5pt; padding:.75pt .75pt 0cm .75pt;height:18.0pt"> 集中饮水<o:p></o:p> </td> <td width="36%" nowrap="" valign="bottom" style="width:36.8%;border-top:none; border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-right-alt:solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding:.75pt .75pt 0cm .75pt;height:18.0pt"> <o:p> </o:p> 防治新城疫大肠杆菌<o:p></o:p> </td> </tr> <tr style="mso-yfti-irow:8;mso-yfti-lastrow:yes;height:20.25pt"> <td width="11%" nowrap="" valign="bottom" style="width:11.86%;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top:none;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-right-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding: .75pt .75pt 0cm .75pt;height:20.25pt"> 29日龄<o:p></o:p> </td> <td width="27%" nowrap="" valign="bottom" style="width:27.14%;border-top:none; border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-right-alt:solid windowtext .5pt; padding:.75pt .75pt 0cm .75pt;height:20.25pt"> 阿奇霉素<o:p></o:p> </td> <td width="24%" nowrap="" valign="bottom" style="width:24.18%;border-top:none; border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-right-alt:solid windowtext .5pt; padding:.75pt .75pt 0cm .75pt;height:20.25pt"> 按说明<o:p></o:p> </td> <td width="36%" nowrap="" valign="bottom" style="width:36.8%;border-top:none; border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding:.75pt .75pt 0cm .75pt;height:20.25pt"> 防慢呼，大肠杆菌<o:p></o:p> </td> </tr></tbody></table><o:p> </o:p>注：以上免疫用药程序仅供参考，具体免疫用药时要据当地疫病流行情况而定 <o:p></o:p><o:p> </o:p>