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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:132.5pt;mso-char-indent-count:11.0"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:黑体">目的：</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt">
</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">为鸡只提供方便、快捷且洁净无细菌的饮水。</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-font-kerning:0pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style="font-family:黑体">饮水质量</span><span lang="EN-US">
·</span>饮水是鸡只最重要的营养成分。鸡只体内的水分占其体重的<span lang="EN-US">7O</span>％。限水将影响鸡只采食量和生长率。炎热季节，若鸡只不能及时饮水，将很快导致死亡。<span lang="EN-US">
·</span>采用可靠的饮水消毒剂，例如氯或碘。氯是最普遍使用的饮水消毒剂。开放式饮水系统中氯的水平为<span lang="EN-US">3ppm</span>；封闭式饮水系统中乳头处的氯水平为<span lang="EN-US">lppm</span>。<span lang="EN-US">
·</span>在饮水系统末端，测量饮水中消毒剂氯的含量。<span lang="EN-US">
·</span>定期监测饮水，以确保所有饮水器中都无大肠杆菌。<span lang="EN-US">
·</span>饮水中的成分很重要。见表<span lang="EN-US">9</span>饮水质量标准。</p><table class="MsoNormalTable" border="1" cellpadding="0" width="100%" style="width:100.0%;mso-cellspacing:1.5pt"> <tbody><tr style="mso-yfti-irow:0;mso-yfti-firstrow:yes"> <td width="99%" colspan="3" style="width:99.28%;border:none;padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"> <p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><strong><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">表</span><span lang="EN-US">4 </span></strong><strong><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">饮水质量标准</span></strong><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style="mso-yfti-irow:1"> <td width="13%" style="width:13.76%;padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"> <p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><strong><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">化合物</span></strong><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:宋体"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td width="16%" style="width:16.34%;padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"> <p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><strong><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">最大剂量</span></strong><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt;font-family:宋体"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td width="68%" style="width:68.46%;padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"> <p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><strong><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">备注</span></strong><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:宋体"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style="mso-yfti-irow:2"> <td width="13%" style="width:13.76%;padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"> <p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">细菌总数</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:宋体"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td width="16%" style="width:16.34%;padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"> <p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><span lang="EN-US">100/ml.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td width="68%" style="width:68.46%;padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"> <p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><span lang="EN-US">0/ml.</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">最好</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:宋体"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style="mso-yfti-irow:3"> <td width="13%" style="width:13.76%;padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"> <p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">大肠杆菌</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:宋体"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td width="16%" style="width:16.34%;padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"> <p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><span lang="EN-US">50/ml.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td width="68%" style="width:68.46%;padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"> <p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><span lang="EN-US">0/ml.</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">最好</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:宋体"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style="mso-yfti-irow:4"> <td width="13%" style="width:13.76%;padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"> <p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><span lang="EN-US">pH</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td width="16%" style="width:16.34%;padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"> <p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><span lang="EN-US">6.8-7.5</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td width="68%" style="width:68.46%;padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"> <p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">硬度低于</span><span lang="EN-US">60</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">属于非正常的软；高于</span><span lang="EN-US">180</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">，硬度则太强</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:宋体"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style="mso-yfti-irow:5"> <td width="13%" style="width:13.76%;padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"> <p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">总水硬度</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:宋体"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td width="16%" style="width:16.34%;padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"> <p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><span lang="EN-US">180</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td width="68%" style="width:68.46%;padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"> <p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">若钠水平高于</span><span lang="EN-US">50mg./l.,</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">而氯低至</span><span lang="EN-US">14mg./l.</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">则十分有害</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:宋体"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style="mso-yfti-irow:6"> <td width="13%" style="width:13.76%;padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"> <p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">氯</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:宋体"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td width="16%" style="width:16.34%;padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"> <p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><span lang="EN-US">250mg./l.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td width="68%" style="width:68.46%;padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"> <p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">含量高则味苦</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:宋体"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style="mso-yfti-irow:7"> <td width="13%" style="width:13.76%;padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"> <p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">铜</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:宋体"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td width="16%" style="width:16.34%;padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"> <p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><span lang="EN-US">0.06mg./l.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td width="68%" style="width:68.46%;padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"> <p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">含量高则伴有恶臭</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:宋体"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style="mso-yfti-irow:8"> <td width="13%" style="width:13.76%;padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"> <p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">铁</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:宋体"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td width="16%" style="width:16.34%;padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"> <p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><span lang="EN-US">0.3mg/l.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td width="68%" style="width:68.46%;padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"> <p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">含量高则导致中毒</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:宋体"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style="mso-yfti-irow:9"> <td width="13%" style="width:13.76%;padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"> <p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">铅</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:宋体"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td width="16%" style="width:16.34%;padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"> <p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><span lang="EN-US">0.02mg./l.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td width="68%" style="width:68.46%;padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"> <p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">含量高则有泻药的效力。若硫酸盐含量高，镁的含量于</span><span lang="EN-US">50mg./l.</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">将会影响生产性能</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:宋体"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style="mso-yfti-irow:10"> <td width="13%" style="width:13.76%;padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"> <p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">镁</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:宋体"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td width="16%" style="width:16.34%;padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"> <p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><span lang="EN-US">125mg./l.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td width="68%" style="width:68.46%;padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"> <p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">含量高则有泻药的效力。若镁或氯含量高，硫酸盐含量高于</span><span lang="EN-US">50mg./l.</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">将影响生产性能。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:宋体"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style="mso-yfti-irow:11"> <td width="13%" style="width:13.76%;padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"> <p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">钠</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:宋体"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td width="16%" style="width:16.34%;padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"> <p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><span lang="EN-US">50mg./l.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td width="68%" style="width:68.46%;padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"> <p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">若硫酸盐或氯含量高</span><span lang="EN-US">,</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">钠含量高于</span><span lang="EN-US">50mg./l.</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">将影响生产性能</span><span lang="EN-US">.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style="mso-yfti-irow:12"> <td width="13%" style="width:13.76%;padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"> <p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">硫酸盐</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:宋体"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td width="16%" style="width:16.34%;padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"> <p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><span lang="EN-US">250mg./l.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td width="68%" style="width:68.46%;padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"> <p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">含量高则有泻药的效力。若镁或氯含量高，硫酸盐含量高于</span><span lang="EN-US">50mg./l.</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">将影响生产性能。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:宋体"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style="mso-yfti-irow:13;mso-yfti-lastrow:yes"> <td width="13%" style="width:13.76%;padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"> <p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">锌</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:宋体"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td width="16%" style="width:16.34%;padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"> <p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><span lang="EN-US">1.50mg./l.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td width="68%" style="width:68.46%;padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"> <p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">含量高则导致中毒。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:宋体"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr></tbody></table><p><span style="font-family:黑体">饮水器管理</span><span lang="EN-US">
·</span>重要的是保证鸡只在整个生长周期可以饮用到洁净的水。不能允许饮水器出现无水现象。<span lang="EN-US">
·</span>饮水器放置的位置应处于鸡只活动范围不超过<st1:chmetcnv unitname="米" sourcevalue="1.5" hasspace="False" negative="False" numbertype="1" tcsc="0" w:st="on"><span lang="EN-US">1.5</span>米</st1:chmetcnv>的地方。<span lang="EN-US">
·</span>使用水表以保持正确的鸡群日饮水量的记录。<span lang="EN-US">
</span><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312">开放式饮水系统</span><span lang="EN-US">
·</span>使用开放式饮水系统时，雏鸡应先使用雏鸡饮水器，每<span lang="EN-US">100</span>只鸡提供一个<st1:chmetcnv unitname="升" sourcevalue="4" hasspace="False" negative="False" numbertype="1" tcsc="0" w:st="on"><span lang="EN-US">4</span>升</st1:chmetcnv>的饮水器。该饮水器应围绕着保温伞或火源摆放。<span lang="EN-US">
·</span>逐渐将鸡只引向自动饮水设备。在可能的情况下，便于雏鸡早日使用自动饮水设备。自第<span lang="EN-US">4</span>天起，每天挪出<span lang="EN-US">1</span>／<span lang="EN-US">4</span>的雏鸡饮水器。<span lang="EN-US">
·7</span>日龄以前，自动饮水器饮水边缘应设置于鸡背高度。<span lang="EN-US">7</span>日龄之后，饮水器底部高度应与平均鸡背高度一致。这将有助于防止水外洒，保持垫料质量。<span lang="EN-US">
·</span>饮水器中适宜的饮水深度为<st1:chmetcnv unitname="厘米" sourcevalue="1.9" hasspace="False" negative="False" numbertype="1" tcsc="0" w:st="on"><span lang="EN-US">1.9</span>厘米</st1:chmetcnv>。<span lang="EN-US">
·</span>必须每天清洗饮水器和自动饮水器。最好使用两桶并用方式。将脏水倒入一个桶内；用刷子在第二个盛有消毒液的桶内涮洗饮水器，或者用喷雾器代替第二个桶清洗饮水器。<span lang="EN-US">
·</span>为维护垫料质量，每天可将塔式饮水器换一个干燥的位置。有些生产场为每个饮水器准备<span lang="EN-US">3</span>个不同的位置（挂钩）。<span lang="EN-US">
·</span>使用槽型饮水器，计算饮水面积时，必须确保计算水槽两侧的面积。</p><table class="MsoNormalTable" border="1" cellpadding="0" width="96%" style="width:96.84%;mso-cellspacing:1.5pt"> <tbody><tr style="mso-yfti-irow:0;mso-yfti-firstrow:yes"> <td width="99%" colspan="2" style="width:99.26%;border:none;padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"> <p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><strong><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">表</span><span lang="EN-US">5 </span></strong><strong><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">肉鸡饲养需要的饮水面积</span></strong><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style="mso-yfti-irow:1;page-break-inside:avoid"> <td width="26%" style="width:26.66%;padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"> <p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">饮水器类型</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:宋体"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td width="72%" style="width:72.24%;padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"> <p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">饮水面积</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:宋体"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style="mso-yfti-irow:2;page-break-inside:avoid"> <td width="26%" style="width:26.66%;padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"> <p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">槽型饮水器</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:宋体"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td width="72%" style="width:72.24%;padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"> <p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><span lang="EN-US">2.0</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">厘米</span><span lang="EN-US">/</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">只</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style="mso-yfti-irow:3;page-break-inside:avoid"> <td width="26%" style="width:26.66%;padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"> <p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">塔式饮水器</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:宋体"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td width="72%" style="width:72.24%;padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"> <p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><span lang="EN-US">10-12</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">厘米</span><span lang="EN-US">/</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">千只鸡</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style="mso-yfti-irow:4;mso-yfti-lastrow:yes;page-break-inside:avoid"> <td width="26%" style="width:26.66%;padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"> <p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">乳头饮水器</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:宋体"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td width="72%" style="width:72.24%;padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"> <p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><span lang="EN-US">8-12</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">只</span><span lang="EN-US">/</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">乳头</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr></tbody></table><p><span style="font-family:黑体">乳头饮水系统</span><span lang="EN-US">
·</span>在世界范围内，乳头饮水器已被广泛采用。乳头饮水器避免了饮水受外界污染，为鸡只提供洁净的饮水。乳头饮水器防止水外溢，有助于保持良好的垫料状况。由于乳头饮水系统不必每天清洗，因而减少劳动力需求。<span lang="EN-US">
·</span>无论任何时候都必须保证乳头饮水器中有水，而且饮水系统中水的压力要遵循设备厂家的说明，这两点尤为重要。<span lang="EN-US">
·</span>若饮水系统长度不超过<st1:chmetcnv unitname="米" sourcevalue="76" hasspace="False" negative="False" numbertype="1" tcsc="0" w:st="on"><span lang="EN-US">76</span>米</st1:chmetcnv>，绝大多数都能够运转良好。若鸡舍长<span lang="EN-US">15O</span>米，应将供水系统安置于鸡舍中央部位，将乳头饮水系统分成两部分供水。<span lang="EN-US">
·</span>确保乳头饮水系统一定要平直，且管内的空气要排净。<span lang="EN-US">
·</span>在雏鸡使用乳头饮水系统之前，抠动所有乳头。这将使饮水顺畅地流经每一个乳头。此举最简单的做法是用一把扫帚横扫所有的饮水器下端。<span lang="EN-US">
·</span>乳头高度很重要。最初两天将乳头器高度调节到雏鸡眼部高度。第三天提升水线，使雏鸡以<span lang="EN-US">45</span>度角饮水。第四天起，逐渐升高水线，到第十天时，鸡只应垂直由饮水器下方饮水。<span lang="EN-US"> </span></p> |
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发表于 2011-7-31 10:25:25
