有关鸡新城疫病的几个问题解答——林承业研究员
<DIV style="LAYOUT-GRID:15.6pt none" class=Section0><H1 style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: -6.85pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 21.25pt"><A name=_Toc52001611></A><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 22pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><A name=_Toc52002082></A><A name=_Toc52018595>有关鸡新城疫病的几个问题解答</A></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 22pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></H1><P style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: -7.665pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">一、新城疫为何难以防制</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: -7.665pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">从1926年发现至今，七十余年一直在世界各国流行不断。因普遍使用了疫苗免疫，造成的损失不像以前那么严重，目前已不是危害最大的传染病，但对经济发展有一定的影响，是我国必须突破的出口技术壁垒。在我国各地普遍采用四系苗免疫鸡群，而四系苗的毒力属中等毒力，国外查到四系苗毒就不准进口，因而直接影响到鸡肉的外贸出口。</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: -7.665pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">目前需要解决的问题依然很多。如：</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: -7.665pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">①环境治理所需的巨大费用与小型个体养殖经济薄弱的矛盾。</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: -7.665pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">②NDV毒力不断增强与疫苗保护力不足的矛盾。</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: -7.665pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">③群体免疫与免疫工具不适应的矛盾。</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: -7.665pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">④没有很准确的快速确诊手段与病症复杂、混合感染多的矛盾。</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: -7.665pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">需要彻底切断传染的三个环节是今后防制的重点：</SPAN></P><P style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: -7.665pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">病原体储存宿主方面原因</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">传播方面原因</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">易感群体方面原因</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: -7.665pt" class=p0><SPAN style="Z-INDEX: 1; POSITION: absolute; MARGIN-TOP: 10px; WIDTH: 13px; HEIGHT: 22px; MARGIN-LEFT: 504px; LEFT: 0px"></SPAN><SPAN style="Z-INDEX: 1; POSITION: absolute; MARGIN-TOP: 10px; WIDTH: 9px; HEIGHT: 21px; MARGIN-LEFT: 480px; LEFT: 0px"></SPAN><SPAN style="Z-INDEX: 1; POSITION: absolute; MARGIN-TOP: 10px; WIDTH: 13px; HEIGHT: 22px; MARGIN-LEFT: 444px; LEFT: 0px"></SPAN><SPAN style="Z-INDEX: 1; POSITION: absolute; MARGIN-TOP: 10px; WIDTH: 9px; HEIGHT: 21px; MARGIN-LEFT: 300px; LEFT: 0px"></SPAN><SPAN style="Z-INDEX: 1; POSITION: absolute; MARGIN-TOP: 10px; WIDTH: 13px; HEIGHT: 22px; MARGIN-LEFT: 168px; LEFT: 0px"></SPAN><SPAN style="Z-INDEX: 1; POSITION: absolute; MARGIN-TOP: 10px; WIDTH: 9px; HEIGHT: 21px; MARGIN-LEFT: 132px; LEFT: 0px"></SPAN><SPAN style="Z-INDEX: 1; POSITION: absolute; MARGIN-TOP: 10px; WIDTH: 9px; HEIGHT: 21px; MARGIN-LEFT: 84px; LEFT: 0px"></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">野外超强毒的存在 </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">个体户密集、死鸡处理不安全 </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">母源抗体干扰</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: -7.665pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"> 病毒基因变异 </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">鸡苗长途调运 、检疫流于形式</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"> <FONT size=4>患</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">免疫抑止疾病</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: -7.665pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">抗药性增强 </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">病鸡被出售 消毒不彻底</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: -7.665pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"> 疫苗保护力不足 拉粪、鸡贩车辆乱串、不严格消毒 鸡场大、中、小混养。</SPAN></P><P style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: -7.665pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"></SPAN> </P><P style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 13.5pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: -7.665pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 13.5pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: -7.665pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 13.5pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: -7.665pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 13.5pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: -7.665pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 13.5pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: -7.665pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 13.5pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: -7.665pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: -7.665pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">二、病原学中ND的种和基因型</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: -7.665pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">引起鸡新城疫的病源是副粘病毒属中的一个种：PMV-1新城疫病毒。其它PMV-2、PMV-3、PMV-4三个种也会引起动物发病，称为付粘病毒病，发病率不高，多在鹅群中传染，但也会引起鸡发病，现已报道。新城疫病毒只有一个血清型，但毒力强弱区别却很大。弱毒不引起发病，如II系苗B1株、IV系苗</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">Lasoda</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">株。中毒可以引起小鸡发病，如制作I系苗、R系苗的毒株则引起鸡发病。如鸡群免疫状态不好，就会造成大批死亡。</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: -7.665pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">关于基因亚型</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: -7.665pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">基因亚型是在血清型下面的一个分型法，各型的区别是经过基因测序后可发现各型有少量基因变化，但血清型未改变，是目前分子生物学研究中的分型法。经测定，I系、II系、IV系、V、R苗中的毒株均为基因Ⅲ型。目前在我国流行的除了基因III型外还有基因Ⅶ型和Ⅷ型和Ⅸ型毒株。虽然基因分型不同，但血清型一致。</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: -7.665pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">对待基因型，大多数学者认为现有的基因Ⅲ型疫苗可以预防各基因型的传染。但也有学者认为必须用基因Ⅶ型苗才能有效地防治。我们认为用Ⅲ型基本可以防治，但加上基因Ⅶ型和强毒的灭活苗则更好。</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: -7.665pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">（一）、病毒的结构</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: -7.665pt" class=p0><SPAN style="Z-INDEX: 1; POSITION: absolute; MARGIN-TOP: 31px; WIDTH: 50px; HEIGHT: 95px; MARGIN-LEFT: 204px; LEFT: 0px"></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">1．形态：多数蝌蚪形，少数圆形。</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: -7.665pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">2．结构：</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: -7.665pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: -7.665pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">基因单股RNA分两组6种</SPAN></P><P style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: -7.665pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">一组：（HN）糖蛋白，融合糖蛋白（F），内膜蛋白（M）</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: -7.665pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">二组；抗原蛋白（NP），磷蛋白（P），高分子量蛋白（L）</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 32pt; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: -7.665pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">注： HA—血凝素</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 32pt; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: -7.665pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"> NA—神经氨基酸酶，可结合细胞受体，破坏细胞受体</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 32pt; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: -7.665pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">F—促成病毒与细胞融合，溶血，穿透细胞膜，是决定NDV毒力大小的决定因素中的首位因素。</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 32pt; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: -7.665pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">（二）、病毒的培养：（略）</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 32pt; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: -7.665pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">三、临床诊断应掌握的要点</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 32pt; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: -7.665pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">以前的教科书上分为四类：1、速发嗜神经型、2、速发嗜内脏型、3、中发型、4、无症</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">状型，这种分类现在已失去意义。目前的分类是典型型新城疫和非典型型新城疫两类。</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 32pt; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: -7.665pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">（一）．典型型新城疫</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 32pt; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: -7.665pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">一般只发生在首免抗体未升的雏鸡（30日龄以内）或发生在未用油乳剂苗免疫的鸡群。</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 32pt; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: -7.665pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">1</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">雏鸡典型型新城疫的发病特点：</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 32pt; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt" class=p15><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">突然大批发生，鸡毛松乱挤在角落，吱吱尖叫、翅膀下垂、精神沉郁，身体发凉迅速死亡。剖检可能无内脏病变。</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 32pt; MARGIN: 0pt -7.665pt 0pt 28pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">2.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">成鸡典型型新城疫的发病特点：</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 32pt; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: -7.665pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">发病急，喘气，头部发紫，口吐粘液，拉绿色稀便，产蛋停止，死亡大批增加，重病鸡身体发凉，后期有神经症状。</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 32pt; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: -7.665pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">剖检变化：</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt -7.665pt 0pt 28pt" class=p0><SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">①</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">气管充血（中度）。</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt -7.665pt 0pt 28pt" class=p0><SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">②</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">胸腺充血（中鸡可见到，成年鸡看不到）。</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt -7.665pt 0pt 28pt" class=p0><SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">③</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">腺胃乳头出血或基部出血，腺胃与肌胃交界处出血。</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt -7.665pt 0pt 28pt" class=p0><SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">④</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">盲肠扁桃体出血。</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt -7.665pt 0pt 28pt" class=p0><SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">⑤</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">肠道大量出血。（点状、枣核样、片状）</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt -7.665pt 0pt 28pt" class=p0><SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">⑥</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">泄殖腔出血。</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt -7.665pt 0pt 28pt" class=p0><SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">⑦</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">卵巢充血。（被红色血丝包围）</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0pt -7.665pt 0pt 28pt" class=p0><SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">⑧</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">心冠脂肪出血。</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P style="MARGIN: 0pt -7.665pt 0pt 28pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">（二）、非典型型新城疫：</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: -7.665pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">症状：死亡略增加，产蛋下降5-20%，食料减少。白壳蛋与沙皮蛋增加，多发生于用I系苗的鸡群，（证明I系苗毒力返强所致），有时合并其它病。如：法氏囊病，大肠杆菌病，染性喉气管炎病，传染性鼻炎，禽流感。合并其它病时死亡多，甚至100</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">%</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">死亡。</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: -7.665pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"> 剖检：一只鸡中只有部分典型症状出现，多剖检鸡才能得出全面结论。</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: -7.665pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"> 鉴别诊断：</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: -7.665pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">有人认为只要腺胃乳头出血就是新城疫，这种认识是不全面的，因为引起腺胃乳头或腺胃、肌胃交界处出血的鸡病还有禽流感、法氏囊病、腺胃型传支、网状内皮增生病、肌胃糜烂症等多种疾病，所以</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">应当注意鉴别。</SPAN></P><P style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: -7.665pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">四、HI抗体检测的意义</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: -7.665pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">附表：免疫滴度与病毒对生产性能的影响</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><TABLE style="PADDING-BOTTOM: 0pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; MARGIN-LEFT: 32.4pt; PADDING-TOP: 0pt; mso-table-layout-alt: fixed"><TBODY><TR><TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: rgb(0,0,0) 1.5pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 72pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: rgb(0,0,0) 1.5pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0pt; mso-border-top-alt: 1.5000pt solid rgb(0,0,0); mso-border-bottom-alt: 1.5000pt solid rgb(0,0,0)" vAlign=top width=96><P style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 14pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: -7.665pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; COLOR: rgb(0,0,128); FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">HI滴度</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; COLOR: rgb(0,0,128); FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></TD><TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: rgb(0,0,0) 1.5pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 28pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: rgb(0,0,0) 1.5pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: rgb(0,0,0) 0.5pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0pt; mso-border-top-alt: 1.5000pt solid rgb(0,0,0); mso-border-bottom-alt: 1.5000pt solid rgb(0,0,0); mso-border-right-alt: 0.5000pt solid rgb(0,0,0)" vAlign=top width=37><P style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: -7.665pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; COLOR: rgb(0,0,128); FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></TD><TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: rgb(0,0,0) 1.5pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 260pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: rgb(0,0,0) 1.5pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0pt; mso-border-top-alt: 1.5000pt solid rgb(0,0,0); mso-border-bottom-alt: 1.5000pt solid rgb(0,0,0); mso-border-left-alt: none" vAlign=top width=346><P style="MARGIN: 0pt -7.665pt 0pt 33.25pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; COLOR: rgb(0,0,128); FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">攻毒对生产性能影响</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; COLOR: rgb(0,0,128); FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: rgb(0,0,0) 0.75pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 72pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 0pt; mso-border-top-alt: 1.5000pt solid rgb(0,0,0); mso-border-bottom-alt: 0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0)" vAlign=top width=96><P style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 14pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: -7.665pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">< 2</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: super">2</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: super"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></TD><TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: rgb(0,0,0) 0.75pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 28pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: rgb(0,0,0) 0.5pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0pt; mso-border-top-alt: 1.5000pt solid rgb(0,0,0); mso-border-bottom-alt: 0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0); mso-border-right-alt: 0.5000pt solid rgb(0,0,0)" vAlign=top width=37><P style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: -7.665pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></TD><TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: rgb(0,0,0) 0.75pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 260pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 0pt; mso-border-top-alt: 1.5000pt solid rgb(0,0,0); mso-border-bottom-alt: 0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0); mso-border-left-alt: none" vAlign=top width=346><P style="MARGIN: 0pt -7.665pt 0pt 38.6pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">100% 死亡</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: rgb(0,0,0) 0.75pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 72pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 0pt; mso-border-top-alt: 0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0); mso-border-bottom-alt: 0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0)" vAlign=top width=96><P style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 14pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: -7.665pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt">2</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: super">2</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"> - 2</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: super">3</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></TD><TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: rgb(0,0,0) 0.75pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 28pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: rgb(0,0,0) 0.5pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0pt; mso-border-top-alt: 0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0); mso-border-bottom-alt: 0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0); mso-border-right-alt: 0.5000pt solid rgb(0,0,0)" vAlign=top width=37><P style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: -7.665pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></TD><TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: rgb(0,0,0) 0.75pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 260pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 0pt; mso-border-top-alt: 0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0); mso-border-bottom-alt: 0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0); mso-border-left-alt: none" vAlign=top width=346><P style="MARGIN: 0pt -7.665pt 0pt 38.6pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">10% 死亡</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: rgb(0,0,0) 0.75pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 72pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 0pt; mso-border-top-alt: 0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0); mso-border-bottom-alt: 0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0)" vAlign=top width=96><P style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 14pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: -7.665pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt">2</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: super">4</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"> - 2</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: super">6</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></TD><TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: rgb(0,0,0) 0.75pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 28pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: rgb(0,0,0) 0.5pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0pt; mso-border-top-alt: 0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0); mso-border-bottom-alt: 0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0); mso-border-right-alt: 0.5000pt solid rgb(0,0,0)" vAlign=top width=37><P style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 14pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: -7.665pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></TD><TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: rgb(0,0,0) 0.75pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 260pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 0pt; mso-border-top-alt: 0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0); mso-border-bottom-alt: 0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0); mso-border-left-alt: none" vAlign=top width=346><P style="MARGIN: 0pt -7.665pt 0pt 44.6pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">0% 死亡</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: rgb(0,0,0) 0.75pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 72pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 0pt; mso-border-top-alt: 0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0); mso-border-bottom-alt: 0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0)" vAlign=top width=96><P style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 14pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: -7.665pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt">2</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: super; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">6 </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">- 2</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: super">8</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></TD><TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: rgb(0,0,0) 0.75pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 28pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: rgb(0,0,0) 0.5pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0pt; mso-border-top-alt: 0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0); mso-border-bottom-alt: 0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0); mso-border-right-alt: 0.5000pt solid rgb(0,0,0)" vAlign=top width=37><P style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: -7.665pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></TD><TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: rgb(0,0,0) 0.75pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 260pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 0pt; mso-border-top-alt: 0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0); mso-border-bottom-alt: 0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0); mso-border-left-alt: none" vAlign=top width=346><P style="MARGIN: 0pt -7.665pt 0pt 44.6pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">严重生产性能下降</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: rgb(0,0,0) 0.75pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 72pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 0pt; mso-border-top-alt: 0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0); mso-border-bottom-alt: 0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0)" vAlign=top width=96><P style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 14pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: -7.665pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt">2</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: super">9</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"> - 2</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: super; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">11</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></TD><TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: rgb(0,0,0) 0.75pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 28pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: rgb(0,0,0) 0.5pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0pt; mso-border-top-alt: 0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0); mso-border-bottom-alt: 0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0); mso-border-right-alt: 0.5000pt solid rgb(0,0,0)" vAlign=top width=37><P style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: -7.665pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></TD><TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: rgb(0,0,0) 0.75pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 260pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 0pt; mso-border-top-alt: 0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0); mso-border-bottom-alt: 0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0); mso-border-left-alt: none" vAlign=top width=346><P style="MARGIN: 0pt -7.665pt 0pt 44.6pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">轻度生产性能下降</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: rgb(0,0,0) 1.5pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 72pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 0pt; mso-border-top-alt: 0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0); mso-border-bottom-alt: 1.5000pt solid rgb(0,0,0)" vAlign=top width=96><P style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 14pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: -7.665pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt">2</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: super; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">12</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"> ></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></TD><TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: rgb(0,0,0) 1.5pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 28pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: rgb(0,0,0) 0.5pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0pt; mso-border-top-alt: 0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0); mso-border-bottom-alt: 1.5000pt solid rgb(0,0,0); mso-border-right-alt: 0.5000pt solid rgb(0,0,0)" vAlign=top width=37><P style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: -7.665pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></TD><TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: rgb(0,0,0) 1.5pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 260pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 0pt; mso-border-top-alt: 0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0); mso-border-bottom-alt: 1.5000pt solid rgb(0,0,0); mso-border-left-alt: none" vAlign=top width=346><P style="MARGIN: 0pt -7.665pt 0pt 26.6pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">健康、无生产性能下降</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE><P style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: -7.665pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">鉴测的意义：</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: -7.665pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">1</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">决定免疫时机，特别是确定首免日龄。小鸡当滴度下降到2</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: super; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">5</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">，成鸡下降到2</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: super; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">8</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">时即行免疫。</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: -7.665pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">2.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">了解免疫效果。免疫以后滴度应上升三个以上。</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: -7.665pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">3.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">辅助进行诊断。如近日未免疫苗而鸡群抗体突升或突降则表示已发生新城疫鸡病。</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: -7.665pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">4.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">检查疫苗质量。免疫后抗体不升时应测疫苗效价，HA滴度如低于2</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: super; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">7</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">可以判定疫苗已失效，不能使用。</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: -7.665pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">五、介绍一种实验室诊断的简便方法</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: -7.665pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">对为什么使用本法的说明：</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: -7.665pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">1．因为只测抗体不能确诊新城疫病。以往的观点认为当抗体滴度达到1：1280以上就可能是发病，但是现在因普遍用了灭活油苗加活</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: -7.665pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">苗免疫方法，免后的正常抗体常达到1：1280以上。过去的观点已不再适用了。</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: -7.665pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">2．如果用测抗原来作诊断，又难以区分疫苗毒与野毒。（即区分弱、中、强与超强毒）</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: -7.665pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"> </SPAN><SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">①</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">用E</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">lisa</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">法不能区别疫苗毒和野毒。</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: -7.665pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"> </SPAN><SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">②</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">用一般琼扩法敏感性不足，难以测到病毒。</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: -7.665pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"> </SPAN><SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">③</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">用PCR法敏感高，但价格贵，实用性不强</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: -7.665pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"> 现在介绍一种实用的加敏AGP法（哈尔滨兽医研究所研究成果）可以快速诊断。 </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: -7.665pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">配方及制板：用进口高纯度琼脂1克；聚乙二醇（6000PEG）2克；加蒸溜水至100</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">ml</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">，加温溶解后加入NaCL 8克，加热充分溶解；再加入1%硫柳汞1</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">ml</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">，每个平皿倒入20-25</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">ml</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">（不用高压灭菌）；待冷却后打孔即可。</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: -7.665pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">试验操作：取三只以上新鲜病死鸡，用病死鸡的脑、气管粘液肝</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: -7.665pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">脾、胸腺，仔细研磨后加入2倍量生理盐水，离心取上清液。中央孔加ND阳性血清，周围孔加入上述上清液，24小时后观察：如只有肝、脾浸出液出线为疫苗毒，其它任何一个器官浸出液出线可定为强毒。</SPAN></P><P style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: -7.665pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"> 目前有一种快速检测试纸。准确率在70%左右。可以作为参考。阳性可以确诊，阴性，不能全部否定。因为有时血液中病毒的含量不足以让试纸显色。</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: -7.665pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">六、目前的研究动态</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: -7.665pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">1．对各种毒株作分离克隆，寻找适合疫苗的新毒株， 并研制新的克隆化疫苗。</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: -7.665pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">2．对已知各毒株作基因文库的建立。（F基因为重点）</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: -7.665pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">3．在诊断方法方面深入研究：如制作PCR、ELISA试剂盒。</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: -7.665pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">4．转基因疫苗的研究。把抗原基因转移至鸡痘病毒，大肠肝菌或植物病毒的基因中表达。</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: -7.665pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">七、关于F 蛋白理论简介：</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: -7.665pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">NDV致病性的一个重要决定因子是融合（F）表面蛋白。F蛋白是一种前体蛋白，裂碎后形成F1和F2两种亚单位蛋白，在不裂解时F蛋白不能促使病毒囊膜与宿主的细胞表膜融合。此时病毒无致病性。现在发现在F1和F2之间有一个联接多肽，细胞酶能裂解多肽中的氨基酸。裂解后，一些NDV病毒株的连接肽中有成对的碱基，在鸡的很多细胞中有对这类成对的碱基特异的裂解酶，F被裂解成F1和F2，因而NDV能侵害鸡的多种组织。这些毒株就是致病性强毒株。但是另有一些毒株联接肽中没有成对的碱基，鸡体内中只有少数细胞（如上呼吸道细胞）中有裂解不成对的单个碱性残基的酶。因而这种毒只能在少量细胞中复制。这种病毒就是低毒NDV。所以F蛋白的结构是区别NDV毒力高低标志。</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 30pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: -7.665pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">八、疫苗免疫程序（参考）</SPAN></P><P style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 30pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: -7.665pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">种鸡、蛋鸡免疫程序</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 30pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 15pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">日龄 疫苗 </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 15pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: -120pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 150pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 15pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">1 </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 15pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">四系+120四系+120另 加灭活苗注射1羽份</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 15pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: -120pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 150pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 15pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">10 </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 15pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">四系+120另 加灭活苗注射1羽份</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 15pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 30pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 15pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">35 四系+52</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 15pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 30pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 15pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">70 四系+52</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 15pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 30pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 15pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">110 （或上笼） 四系+52另 加灭活苗注射2羽份</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 15pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 30pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 15pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">开产后 四系+52 每月一次</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 15pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 30pt" class=p0><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; FONT-SIZE: 15pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></DIV> 讲得很好就是没看明白:L通俗一点就好了;P 引用第1楼使者于2011-05-25 17:43发表的:
讲得很好
就是没看明白:L通俗一点就好了;P http://bbs.jbzyw.com/images/back.gif
说真的太过专业了，要是能把症状在详细说下最好，至于抗体滴度我觉得大多养殖户都做不了，就是技术人员测起来也是有一点差距的， 文章很专业，谢谢分享，论坛里应该有比较深层的文章，以便于专业人员学习。 引用第4楼佐君畜牧于2011-05-25 19:03发表的 :
文章很专业，谢谢分享，论坛里应该有比较深层的文章，以便于专业人员学习。 <A href=\"http://bbs.jbzyw.com/job.php?action=topost&tid=120828&pid=1199588\"><IMG border=0 src=\"http://bbs.jbzyw.com/p_w_picpath/back.gif\"></A>
更有理论依据 引用第4楼佐君畜牧于2011-05-25 19:03发表的 :
文章很专业，谢谢分享，论坛里应该有比较深层的文章，以便于专业人员学习。
文章很专业，谢谢分享，论坛里应该有比较深层的文章，以便于专业人员学习。 不错，就是有些不懂的
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